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实用英语写作技巧-第三单元 如何写好主题句
作者:abscottlee 阅读次数:3338
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[b]3[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]1[/b][b][font=宋体]关于写主题句的建议[/font] [/b]
1[font=宋体]）要写合乎语法的句子[/font]
Example 1[font=宋体]：[/font] Two causes of the American Civil War[font=宋体]．[/font]
[font=宋体]这个句子是个不完整的句子，不合乎语法，因此不能用作主题句。[/font]
Example 2[font=宋体]：[/font] There were two causes that led to the American Civil War[font=宋体]．[/font]
[font=宋体]重写后的句子合乎语法，是个较好的主题句。[/font]
2[font=宋体]）要使用限写词限定主题[/font]
[font=宋体]为了正确表达观点，好的主题句经常使用关键词或词组，即限制词（[/font]controllers[font=宋体]）限制这一观点。[/font]
Example 3[font=宋体]：[/font] Air travel is more convenient than train for at least three reasons[font=宋体]．[/font]
[font=宋体]从上例主题句我们得知作者将要写“[/font]air travel[font=宋体]”（[/font] topic[font=宋体]），他将要把[/font] [font=宋体]“[/font]train[font=宋体]”（[/font] aspect[font=宋体]）和“[/font] air travel[font=宋体]”作比较，并且陈述“[/font]reasons[font=宋体]”。由此可见，作者在“[/font]aspect[font=宋体]”（方面）和“[/font]reason[font=宋体]”（原因）两方面限制他的主题。[/font]
3[font=宋体]）要注意主题的可写性[/font]
[font=宋体]所定的主题不能太笼统，也不能太具体。[/font]
Example 4[font=宋体]：[/font] In Hemingway's story [font=宋体]“[/font]Soldier[font=宋体]’[/font]s Home[font=宋体]”，[/font]Krebs tells his mother that he wants no part of God's Kingdom[font=宋体]．[/font]
[font=宋体]这个句子太具体以至于无东西可写，无法展开段落。[/font]
Example 5[font=宋体]：[/font] In Hemingway's story [font=宋体]“[/font]Soldier[font=宋体]’[/font]s Home[font=宋体]”，[/font] Kreb is a lonely[font=宋体]，[/font] cynical veteran[font=宋体]．[/font]
[font=宋体]这个句子可作为主题句，因为可以围绕“[/font]lonely[font=宋体]，[/font]cynical[font=宋体]”展开段落。[/font]
Example 6[font=宋体]：[/font] Let me tell you something about overpopulation[font=宋体]．[/font]
[font=宋体]这个句子太笼统，作为一个段落的主题太大，难于驾驭。[/font]
Example 7[font=宋体]：[/font] Why has the world population been increasing sorapidly in the last decades[font=宋体]？[/font]
[font=宋体]这个句子是个较好的主题句，作者用“[/font]the reasons for overpopulation in the last decades[font=宋体]”，从“原因”（[/font]cause[font=宋体]）和“时间”（[/font]time[font=宋体]）两方面限制了主题，能在一个段落内论述。[/font]
[b]Exercise 3-1[/b]
Directions[font=宋体]：[/font] Identify the areas which limit the topic sentences[font=宋体]．[/font]
3[font=宋体]．[/font]1[font=宋体]．[/font]1 Soccer has become increasingly popular in the U[font=宋体]．[/font] S[font=宋体]．[/font] in the last ten years[font=宋体]．[/font]
Topic[font=宋体]：[/font]_____________
Limitations[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]1[font=宋体]．[/font]2 Pollution has caused three major problems in the last decades[font=宋体]．[/font]
Topic[font=宋体]：[/font]______________
Limitations[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]1[font=宋体]．[/font]3There are two kinds of memory[font=宋体]：[/font] short-term and long-term[font=宋体]．[/font]
Topic[font=宋体]：[/font]____________
Limitations[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]1[font=宋体]．[/font]4 Women are playing an increasingly important part in society today[font=宋体]．[/font]
Topic[font=宋体]：[/font]____________
Limitations[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]1[font=宋体]．[/font]5 Women are paid less for equal work than men in some companies[font=宋体]．[/font]
Topic[font=宋体]：[/font]____________
Limitations[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________________
[b]Exercise 3-2[/b]
Directions[font=宋体]：[/font] Write two topic sentences for each of the topics[font=宋体]，[/font]limiting the topic in different ways[font=宋体]．[/font]
3[font=宋体]．[/font] 2[font=宋体]．[/font] 1 Topic[font=宋体]：[/font] the study of English
Topic Sentence 1[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
Topic Sentence 2[font=宋体]：[/font]___________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]2[font=宋体]．[/font]2 Topic[font=宋体]：[/font] college students today
Topic Sentence 1[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
Topic Sentence 2[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]2[font=宋体]．[/font]3 Topic[font=宋体]：[/font] women in China
Topic Sentence 1[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
Topic Sentence 2[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
3[font=宋体]．[/font]2[font=宋体]．[/font]4 Topic[font=宋体]：[/font]crime
Topic Sentence 1[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
Topic Sentence 2[font=宋体]：[/font]__________________________________________
[b]Exercise 3-3[/b]
Directions[font=宋体]：[/font] Read the following paragraphs and supply the missing topic sentence[font=宋体]．[/font]
[align=center][b][/b] [/align][align=center][b][font=宋体]（[/font]1[/b][b][font=宋体]）[/font][/b][/align][align=center][b][/b] [/align]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Iceland[font=宋体]’[/font]s flag[font=宋体]，[/font] for instance[font=宋体]，[/font] stands for features of the land[font=宋体]．[/font]Red for the fire of Iceland[font=宋体]’[/font]s volcanoes[font=宋体]．[/font] White is for ice[font=宋体]．[/font] Blue is for the mountains[font=宋体]．[/font] On India[font=宋体]’[/font]s flag[font=宋体]，[/font] the blue wheel stands for peace and progress[font=宋体]．[/font] The white stripe behind it is for truth[font=宋体]．[/font] The black stripe on the flag of Malawi stands for the Negro people of that African land[font=宋体]．[/font] The red stripe represents the blood they shed to free themselves from foreign rule[font=宋体]．[/font]
[align=center][b][/b] [/align][align=center][b][font=宋体]（[/font]2[/b][b][font=宋体]）[/font][/b][/align][align=center][b][/b] [/align]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The one most people are familiar with is the[font=宋体]“[/font]desk dictionary[font=宋体]”，[/font]sometimes refered to as general-purpose dictionary[font=宋体]．[/font] Another kind is the pronouncing dictionary[font=宋体]，[/font] which is concerned with a word's pronunciation more than with its meaning[font=宋体]．[/font] A third type is the bilingual dictionary[font=宋体]，[/font] which lists the words in one language and attempts to give equivalent meaning in another language[font=宋体]．[/font] Other types include technical dictionaries[font=宋体]，[/font] special purpose dictionaries[font=宋体]，[/font]and scholarly dictionaries[font=宋体]．[/font]
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