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【163】怎样使句子简练利落 - 英语讲义
作者:欢乐鱼 阅读次数:8697
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怎样使句子简练利落
不是所有的长句都是罗唆的，也不是凡是短的句子都是洗练的。我们要尽量运用简练的句子；我们也要尽量把没有增添语意的词语去掉，并且将冗长句子节缩，使之简练利落。
我们可以从四方面着手：
一、消除多余的词语
每句话里的词藻或用语，如果对语意起不了作用就不要铺张，要给以铲除，因此(1)a-(7)a都嫌唠叨，要由(1)b-(7)b来取代：
(1)a. At this point of time
→b. Now
(2)a. Bring all this to a conclusion.
→b. Concluding this.
(3)a. Has a tendency to drop
→b. Can drop easily.
(4)a. On account of the fact that...
→b. As.../Since...
(5)a. Situated in the vicinity of...
→b. near...
(6)a. June was detemined in her mind to ...
→b. June was determind to .../
June decided to ...
(7)a. Here comes David, a person whom I idolise and for whom I have the greatest admiration.
→b. Here comes David,a person I idolise./Here comes my idol, David.
二、避免不必要的重复
重复重要的字眼是种修辞手段，但是不必要或无目的的重复，却使句子累赘不自然，因此(8)a-(12)a要改为(8)b-(12)b:
(8)a. Close proximity
→b. Proximity
(9)a. Cooperate together
→b. Cooperate/work together
(10)a. Most unique
→b. unique
(11)a. The patient in Ward 2 is a mentally ill man.
→b. The patient in Ward 2 is mentally ill.
(12)a. A good teacher helps each student to become a better student, both academically and mentally.
→b. A good teacher helps each student to grow. /develop academically and mentally.
三、简化句子结构
句子结构务必明确易解，如果出现不必要的迂回状况，便要纠正加以简化，而且尽量采用恰当的动词，臻达这目的；因此(13)a-(14)a要改为(13)b-(14)b:
(13)a. Rarely should a doctor give a patient an estimate of how many months or years he or she will live.
→b.Rarely should a doctor estimate/predict how long a patient will live.
(14)a. The manager is responsible for monitoring and balancing the annual budget for all expenses.
→b. The manager monitors and balances the annual budget.
四、将从句节缩为短语、短语简化为单词
英语从句和短语，特别是修饰性质者，可以简而略之，但语意不变，如(15)a和(16)a都可节缩为(15)b和(16)b:
(15)a. The oral approach,which is a method of language teaching,is effective for teaching oral communication.
→b. The oral approach, a method of language teaching, is effective for teaching oral communication.
(16)a. Janet's jacket, made of cotton, is too warm for hot weather here.
→b. Janet's cotton jacket, is too warm for hot weather
关键字:英语讲义 |
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