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【110】带双宾语的动词 - 英语讲义
作者:欢乐鱼 阅读次数:5561
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带双宾语的动词
在《及物动词不需要介词》一文中，谈到及物动词不需要通过介词引进宾语。但是，当及物动词有两个宾语时，有些无须介词，有些则需要。
两个宾路都无须介词的动词包括下列这些：
① Please show me the letter.
② Can you buy me a meal?
③ I will give you the latest newsletter.
④ John has sent Betty a cheque of $1000.
在①-④这样的句子里，有个直接宾语，也有个间接宾语。前者一定是“物”、后者一定是“人”。它们之间不需要介词作桥梁。另一些双宾语的动词，就需要介词的帮助了。关于这点，可以分四方面来谈。
Ⅰ.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置，如：
①a. The boss entrusted him with the job.
b. The boss entrusted the job to him.
②a. He tried to impress the new idea on us.
b. He tried to impress us with the new idea.
③a. A general should inspire his soldiers with great courage.
b. A general should inspire great courage in his soldiers.
Ⅱ.不同介词，不同意思，如：
④a. Who introduced John to you?
b. Who introduced John into the new office?
⑤a. We warned him of the hazard.
b. We warned him against the hazard.
（a. 指存在的危险；b. 指可能的危险）
⑥a. When compared with each other, there are differences between the twins.
b. We may compare the heart to a pump.
（a. 指同类人或物对比；b.指两样不同东西互相比拟）
⑦a. Helen was disappointed of the prize.
b. Helen was disappointed in the prize. （a. 指没得奖而失望；b. 指对所得的奖不满而失望）
⑧a. The cake is allied to the flour.
b. Is Taiwan allied with America?
（a.指两样东西有关联；b. 指两个国家有联盟关系）
Ⅲ.两个宾语与介词各就各位，固定不变，如：
⑨ The police cautioned the tourists of the danger ahead.（警惕） ⑩ Can a doctor cure June of her chronic illness?（医治）
● The company has to compensate its staff for their losses.（弥补）
● No one can deprive a citizen of his human right.（剥夺）
Ⅳ.以返身代词为宾语的惯用语，如：
● I hope you will avail yourself of the golden opportunity. （利用）
● My friends often pride themselves on their rare achievements.（以……自豪）
● Jill knows how to insinuate herself into her boss's favour.（向……献媚取宠）
● We look down on those ingratiating themselves with their superiors.（讨好……）
关键字:英语讲义 |
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