怎样喜爱学习英语(四) How to love learning English IV
 

Typical learner vs. motivated learner

Paula is a typical learner of English with a generally low level of motivation. She has occasional moments of high
motivation - like the day before her English test or that time when she couldn't communicate with a foreign
customer who called her at work. These kind of situations make her think "I've got to do something about my
 English!". However, they happen very rarely - less than once a month. So even if she studies quite intensively
(e.g. for two whole days before an exam), the results are poor, because she forgets 90% of the things she learned
within a month. This is no surprise: The way human memory works, you need to review things all the time; otherwise
 you just forget them.

Now let's look at a different English learner: Judy. Judy reads a special novel for English learners (written in
 simplified English) almost every day for 30 minutes. She bought an English-English dictionary and uses it to
look up English words whenever she doesn't understand a sentence in her book. It was hard to study regularly at
the beginning: Reading books and using a dictionary were not "normal activities" for her. And every English
sentence was a challenge.

But now, after only two weeks, she can read much faster. While reading, she often sees words that she has learned
 in the past two weeks. When she recognizes such a word, she doesn't have to look it up in a dictionary and she
 knows she has made good progress. Judy feels she has learned a lot of English recently, and she is eager to
learn more. Every day, she looks forward to reading her book. The book gives her the chance to use what she has
 learned (enjoy her progress) and to learn even more. Because she reads regularly, she forgets little and her
 vocabulary keeps growing.

Judy is on the right track. She will soon be able to read English-language newspapers and other resources
written for native speakers.

Enjoyment leads to better memory

If you enjoy learning English, you will spend more time on it, and you will do it regularly. A high level of
motivation will also give you another advantage. It will be easier for you to memorize new words and grammar
structures. The reason is that the brain easily remembers information on a subject that you like. (For example,
some people like history and know everything about World War II. If you told a "normal person" to memorize
all these facts, they could never do it.) So enjoyment of learning gives you double benefits.

译文：
怎样喜爱学习英语 IV

典型学习者与有动机学习者的比较

　　保拉是一个典型的通常动机不足的英语学习者。她偶尔会有动机较高的时候--比如在她英语考试的前一天或是当她不能与
一位工作时打电话给她的外国客户打交道时。这些情况让她认为：“我要为学习英语而努力！”然而，她却很少能做到－平均一
个月还不到一次。所以即使非常集中地学习（例如：在考试前复习整整两天的时间），结果很不理想，因为她忘掉了一个月之内
所学习的百分之九十的东西。这没有什么值得奇怪的：人类记忆的工作方式是你需要不断地温习所学的东西；否则，你就会把
它们忘掉。

　　现在让我们看一个与保拉不同的英语学习者：朱蒂。朱蒂在读一本适合于英语学习者用的故事书（用简单英语书写的），
她几乎每天都要读30分钟。她买了一本英文双解字典，每当她读这本书遇到了不懂的句子时，她就会用字典查找英文单词。
一开始很难做到有规律地学习：读书并使用字典对于她来说不是一个“平常的行为”，每一个英语句子对于她来说都是一种挑战。

　　但是现在，仅仅两周以后，她能够读得更快了。在阅读的过程中，她经常看自己在前两周里学过的单词。当她认识如此一个
单词后，她就不必再去查字典，她也会意识到自己有了很大的进步。朱蒂感觉到她最近学了不少的英语，并且她迫不及待地想学
更多的东西。她每天都想读书。书给了她使用所学东西的机会（品尝着自己的成就感），甚至去学更多的东西。由于她有规律地
阅读，她很少忘记学过地东西，而且她的词汇量也在不断扩大。

　　朱蒂应用了正确的方法。她将很快就能够读英文报纸和其它一些为以英语为母语的人写的材料。

快乐带来好的记忆

　　如果你喜欢学习英语，你就会在上面花费很多的时间，你也会有规律地去做。高度的动机还将给你带来另一个好处：记住新的
单词和语法结构对于你来说会更容易些。原因就是大脑很容易记住关于你喜欢的话题的信息。（例如：有些人喜欢历史并且知道
关于第二次世界大战的每一件事。如果你让一个平常的人记住所有这些事实，他们总也做不倒。）因此，学习的乐趣给你带来了
双倍的好处。