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实用英语写作技巧-第一单元 段落简介
作者:abscottlee 阅读次数:4472
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[color=mediumturquoise][b]1[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]1[/b][b][font=宋体]段落[/font][/b][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]段落是构成文章的一组句子。段落必须表达完整的意思：或描写事物（[/font]describe something[font=宋体]），或争论某事（[/font]argue about something[font=宋体]），或对某事提出疑问（[/font]question something[font=宋体]），或要求什么（[/font]demand something[font=宋体]），或给事物下定义（[/font]define something[font=宋体]），或驳斥某观点（[/font]reject something[font=宋体]）。[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][b]1[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]2[/b][b][font=宋体]典型段落的构成[/font][/b][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]一个典型的段落通常由三部分组成：（[/font]1[font=宋体]）主题句（[/font]the topic sentence[font=宋体]）；（[/font]2[font=宋体]）说明或支持主题的推展句（[/font] supporting sentences[font=宋体]）；（[/font]3[font=宋体]）结论句（[/font]the concluding sentence[font=宋体]）（有些段落没有该部分）。[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]示范段落[/font]1-1[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]We all know that cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit because it causes health problems[font=宋体]．[/font] Doctors say it can be a direct cause of cancer of the lungs and throat and can also contribute to cancer of other organs[font=宋体]．[/font] In addition[font=宋体]，[/font] it can bring about other health problems such as heart and lung diseases[font=宋体]．[/font] It is clearly identified as one of the chief causes of death in our society[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][b]1[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]3[/b][b][font=宋体]示范段落分析[/font][/b][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]这是一个典型的段落，可概括提纲如下：[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]主题句：[/font] We all know that cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit[font=宋体]，[/font]because it causes health problems[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]推展句：[/font] 1[font=宋体]．[/font] Doctors say it can be a direc cause of cancer of the lungs and throat and can also contribute to cancer of other organs[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]2[font=宋体]．[/font] It can bring about other health problems such as heart and lung diseases[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]结论句：[/font] It is clearly identified as one of the chief causes of death in our society[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise][font=宋体]从以上提纲可见，主题句提出了一个问题：[/font] What kind of health problems does cigarette smoking cause[font=宋体]？随后的两个推展句回答了这个问题，结论句总结了推展句并再一次强调主题句。[/font][/color]
[b][color=mediumturquoise]Exercise 1-1[/color][/b]
[color=mediumturquoise]Directions[font=宋体]：[/font] Read the following paragraphs and find out the topic sentence[font=宋体]，[/font] the supporting details and the concluding sentence[font=宋体]，[/font] if there is one[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[align=center][b][color=mediumturquoise][/color][/b] [/align][align=center][color=mediumturquoise][b][font=宋体]（[/font]1[/b][b][font=宋体]）[/font][/b][/color][/align][align=center][b][color=mediumturquoise][/color][/b] [/align][color=mediumturquoise]The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before[font=宋体]．[/font]About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction,[font=宋体]，[/font]and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased[font=宋体]．[/font] With mammals[font=宋体]，[/font] for instance[font=宋体]，[/font] the rate of extinction is now about one species every year[font=宋体]；[/font] from A[font=宋体]．[/font] D[font=宋体]．[/font] 1 to 1800[font=宋体]，[/font] the ratewas about one species every fifty years[font=宋体]．[/font] Everywhere[font=宋体]，[/font] men are trying o solve the problem of preserving wildlife while caring at the same time for the world[font=宋体]’[/font]s growing population[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Topic Sentence[font=宋体]：[/font]____________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Details[font=宋体]：[/font] 1[font=宋体]．[/font]________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]2[font=宋体]．[/font]_______________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Concluding Sentence[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[align=center][b][color=mediumturquoise][/color][/b] [/align][align=center][color=mediumturquoise][b][font=宋体]（[/font]2[/b][b][font=宋体]）[/font][/b][/color][/align][align=center][b][color=mediumturquoise][/color][/b] [/align][color=mediumturquoise]The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs[font=宋体]．[/font]For example[font=宋体]，[/font] in both America and England[font=宋体]，[/font] people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time[font=宋体]．[/font] Also[font=宋体]，[/font] most English men will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman[font=宋体]，[/font] and so will most Americans[font=宋体]．[/font] Promptness is important both in England and in America[font=宋体]．[/font] That is[font=宋体]，[/font] if a dinner invitation is for 7 o[font=宋体]’[/font]clock[font=宋体]，[/font] the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Topic Sentence[font=宋体]：[/font]____________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Details[font=宋体]：[/font] 1[font=宋体]．[/font]______________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color][size=2][/size]
[color=mediumturquoise][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]2[font=宋体]．[/font]_______________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]3[font=宋体]．[/font]________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Concluding Sentence[font=宋体]：[/font]________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[align=center][b][color=mediumturquoise][/color][/b] [/align][align=center][color=mediumturquoise][b][font=宋体]（[/font]3[/b][b][font=宋体]）[/font][/b][/color][/align][align=center][b][color=mediumturquoise][/color][/b] [/align][color=mediumturquoise]Birds use many different materials to build nests[font=宋体]．[/font]Some birds use bits of grass[font=宋体]．[/font] The tailor-bird of Africa and India uses grass to sew leaves together[font=宋体]．[/font] Other birds find twigs and pebbles useful[font=宋体]．[/font][/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Topic Sentence[font=宋体]：[/font]_____________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Details[font=宋体]：[/font] 1[font=宋体]．[/font]_____________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]2[font=宋体]．[/font]______________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]3[font=宋体]．[/font]______________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]Concluding Sentence[font=宋体]：[/font]_______________________________________[/color]
[color=mediumturquoise]______________________________________________________________[/color]
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