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实用英语写作技巧-第八单元 推展段落方法之一——事实与数据法
作者:abscottlee 阅读次数:7386
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[size=3][color=darkgreen][font=宋体]在第四单元，我们曾提到推展段落的方法有多种。从这一单元开始，我们将逐个介绍这些方法。[/font][/color][/size]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][b]8[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]1[/b][b][font=宋体]事实与数据法[/font][/b][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]事实（[/font]a fact[font=宋体]）是可以客观证实的事情。例如：“[/font]The sunrises in the east[font=宋体]．”是个事实。“[/font]Oil and water do not mix[font=宋体]．”也是个事实。两者都可以通过实验证明是真实的。但是“[/font]Eating carrots improves eyesight[font=宋体]．”也许是真实也许是不真实的。这不是个事实，是一种看法（[/font]opinion[font=宋体]）。数据（[/font]a statistic[font=宋体]）是一个数字事实（[/font]a numeral fact[font=宋体]），用于给某一主题提供有意义的信息。例如：[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]There are twenty[font=宋体]－[/font]five students in the class[font=宋体]．”是一个数据。[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]示范段落[/font]8[font=宋体]－[/font]1[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]The term population explosion is usually applied to the rapid growth of population over the last three centuries[font=宋体]．[/font]In the two hundred years from 1650 to 1850[font=宋体]，[/font]world population doubled and reached its first billion[font=宋体]．[/font]In the next eighty years[font=宋体]，[/font]it doubled again[font=宋体]，[/font]and by 1975[font=宋体]，[/font]it had doubled once more to a total of 4 billion[font=宋体]．[/font]By the year 2000[font=宋体]，[/font]it is estimated that it will exceed 6 billion and possibly approach 7 billion unless there is a major reduction in birth rates or amajor increase in death rates[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][b]8[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]2[/b][b][font=宋体]示范段落分析[/font][/b][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]主题句：[/font]The term population explosion is usually applied to the rapid growth of population over the last three centuries[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[b][size=3][color=darkgreen][font=宋体]提供信息：[/font][/color][/size][/b]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]数据[/font]1[font=宋体]：[/font]1650-1850[font=宋体]；[/font]double[font=宋体]，[/font]reach 1 billion[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]数据[/font]2[font=宋体]：[/font]1850[font=宋体]－[/font]1930[font=宋体]；[/font]double again[font=宋体]，[/font]reach 2 billion[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]数据[/font]3[font=宋体]：[/font]1930[font=宋体]－[/font]1975[font=宋体]；[/font]double again[font=宋体]，[/font]reach 4 billion[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]数据[/font]4[font=宋体]：[/font]1975[font=宋体]－[/font]2000[font=宋体]；[/font]exceed 6 billion[font=宋体]，[/font]approach 7 billion[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]示范段落[/font]8-2[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]A snake is a strange animal[font=宋体]．[/font]It walks on its ribs and it smells with its tongue[font=宋体]．[/font]Since its teeth are sharp like needles and not good for chewing[font=宋体]，[/font]it swallows its food whole[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][b]8[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]3[/b][b][font=宋体]示范段落分析[/font][/b][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]主题句：[/font]A snake is a strange animal[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]事实[/font]1[font=宋体]：[/font]walks with its ribs and smells with its tongue[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][font=宋体]事实[/font]2[font=宋体]：[/font]swallows its food whole[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3][b]8[/b][b][font=宋体]．[/font]4[/b][b][font=宋体]关于如何写事实与数据段落的建议[/font][/b][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]1[font=宋体]）不要把事实与看法混为一谈[/font][/size][/color]
[size=3][color=darkgreen][font=宋体]事实是真实的，因为它们已被证据证实。然而看法只是人们的主观想法，不一定真实。因此，记住用事实而不是用看法支持你的观点。[/font][/color][/size]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]2[font=宋体]）不要使用不相关的数据[/font][/size][/color]
[size=3][color=darkgreen][font=宋体]如果你为了增加观点的可信度而使用不相关的数据，即使这些数据是真实的，也会引起误解。[/font][/color][/size]
[b][size=3][color=darkgreen]Exercise 8-1[/color][/size][/b]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Directions[font=宋体]：[/font]Write a paragraph with statistics as supporting details[font=宋体]，[/font]using the given topic sentence and statistics[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Statistic[font=宋体]：[/font]blood pressure before the exam[font=宋体]—[/font]115[font=宋体]／[/font]55[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Statistic[font=宋体]：[/font]at the end of the exam[font=宋体]—[/font]155[font=宋体]／[/font]115[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Statistic[font=宋体]：[/font]ten minutes after the exam[font=宋体]—[/font]150[font=宋体]／[/font]110[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Exams apparently have a marked effect on the blood pressure of the students taking them[font=宋体]．[/font]___________________________________________________[/size][/color]
[size=3][color=darkgreen]______________________________________________________________[/color][/size]
[size=3][color=darkgreen]______________________________________________________________[/color][/size]
[size=3][color=darkgreen]______________________________________________________________[/color][/size]
[b][size=3][color=darkgreen]Exercise 8-2[/color][/size][/b]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Directions[font=宋体]：[/font]Write a paragraph with facts as supporting details using the given topic sentence and facts[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Fact[font=宋体]：[/font]William is the second most common boy's name used in English[font=宋体]（[/font]the first being John[font=宋体]）[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Fact[font=宋体]：[/font]History is full of Williams[font=宋体]．[/font][/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]a[font=宋体]．[/font]William of Nor many[font=宋体]—[/font]conquerer of England in 1066[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]b[font=宋体]．[/font]William Shakespeare[font=宋体]—[/font]writer[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]c[font=宋体]．[/font]William Cody[font=宋体]—[/font]a hero of the Wild West[/size][/color]
[color=darkgreen][size=3]Is your name William[font=宋体]？[/font]If so[font=宋体]，[/font] you have company[font=宋体]．[/font]____________[/size][/color]
[size=3][color=darkgreen]______________________________________________________________[/color][/size]
[size=3][color=darkgreen]______________________________________________________________[/color][/size]
[size=3][color=darkgreen]______________________________________________________________[/color][/size]
[size=3][color=darkgreen][/color][/size]
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