Commonly Used Terms (BEC)

debt-to-equity swap 债转股
the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 港元的联系汇率制
bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 坏帐、呆帐、死帐
anti-dumping measures against …… 反倾销措施
deflation 通货紧缩
inflation 通货膨胀
quota-free products 非配额产品
investment in non-productive projects 非生产性投资
risk management/ assessment 风险管理/评估
venture capital 风险基金
loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 风险准备金
revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 搞活国有大中型企业
scale economy/ economies of scale 规模经济
state-owned cooperatives 国合企业（即国有合作社）
balance of international payments/ balance of payment 国际收支
disequilibrium of balance of payment 国际收支不平衡
public subsidies 国家补贴
state foreign exchange reserves 国家现汇结存
guide rational consumption 合理引导消费
seasonal price adjustments 季节性调价
established/accomplished facts 既成事实
scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development 技工贸结合的科技型企业
labor-intensive enterprises 劳动密集性企业
unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费
technological updating of enterprises 企业技术改造
subsidies to cover enterprise losses 企业亏损补贴
grant the national treatment to 实行国民待遇
pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针
“bottleneck”restrictions 瓶颈制约
flying-by-night company; bogus company 皮包公司
ease monetary policy 放松银根
floating population 流动人口　
self-regulating mechanism of enterprises 企业的自我约束机制
crave comfort and pleasure 贪图安逸　
inflated consumption 消费膨胀　
informationize 信息化　
freon-free refrigerator 无氟冰箱　
paperless transaction 无纸交易　
readily marketable products 适销对路的产品　
profiteer 倒爷　
overstaffing in (government) organizations 机构臃肿　
organizational overlapping 机构重叠　
substitution of tax payment for profit delivery 利改税　
regular revenues 经常性的财政收入　
chronic depression 慢性萧条　
two-tier system / double-track system 双重轨制　
pre-job training 就业前培训　
on-the-job training 岗位培训　

foreign project contracting 对外项目承包
labor service cooperation 劳务合作
modality of foreign aid 外援方式　
come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999 自1999年1月1日起实行
forms of ownership 所有制形式
implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis 以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度
risk management/ assessment 风险管理/评估
projects listed as encouraged by the state 国家鼓励项目
Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan <<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>>
ministerial meeting 部长级会议
equitable and rational 公正合理
take the preemptive opportunities 抢得先机
reduce and cancel debts 减免债务
engineering project 工程项目
increase in the same pace 同步增长
shake off the impact of the financial crisis 摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响
going on the track of sound progress 走上良性发展的轨道
industrial added value 工业增加值
investment in the fixed assets 固定资产投资
building materials 建材

accumulatively realizing trade surplus 累计实现顺差
bring new vigor and vitality into 注入新的生机与活力
accessories 配件
spare parts 备件
import linkage tax 进口环节税
turnover tax 营业税
corporate income tax 企业所得税
offset 抵免
provincial capitol 省会
municipality directly under the central government 直辖市
flagship product 龙头产品
modern corporate system 现代企业制度
enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
holding company 控股公司
responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses 自主经营,自负盈亏
alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership 在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展
establish an unified, open market with orderly competition 形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场
State Scientific and Technological Innovation System 国家科技创新体系
help excellent talents find way to distinction 帮助人才脱颖而出
screen and modify 清理、修订
water conservation 水利
change the method of operation 转化经营机制
intermediary service organization 中介服务组织

dual purpose exports 军民两用品出口
dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术
NAFTA North American Free Trade Area 北美自由贸易区
global quota 全球配额
grandfather clause 祖父条款
Animal-derived food 动物源食品
EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization) 部门提前自愿自由化
TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation) 贸易和投资自由化和便利化
international settlement 国际清算
commercial, residential and public utility construction 商住和公益设施建设
increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment 广开就业门路
free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate 自由浮动汇率
capital account 资本项目
current account 经常项目
overcome differences and seek common ground 求同存异
anti-fake label 防伪标志
export-oriented industry 出口创汇型产业
revitalize stock assets 盘活存量资产
competitive bidding 竟价投标
negotiated bidding 协议投标
horizontal merger 横向兼并