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许国璋电视英语第十三课上 作者:practise 阅读次数:5422
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观看视频13-1,在线观看地址:[url=http://www.56.com _v19_/c16_/21_/23_/xuguozhangyingyu_/1174707439_827_/1385953_/0_/12866261.swf]http://www.56.com _v19_/c16_/21_/23_/xuguozhangyingyu_/1174707439_827_/1385953_/0_/12866261.swf[/url] [b]课文[/b]: [size=2] A DAY AT COLLEGE Wang Qing gets up very early. He dresses, washes, and goes out to do exercises in the fresh morning air. Then he has breakfast. For most of the morning he attends lectures or practises his English. After class he reads in the library or reviews his lessons. Lunch is at twelve. After lunch Wang Qing takes a nap. In the afternoon he does his homework and reads the newspaper. Then he has an hour for sports. He runs round the track or plays ball games. After supper he often goes for a walk in the college gardens. Sometimes he listens to the English broadcast. In the evening he prepares his lessons. He goes to bed at half past ten.[/size] [size=2][/size] [size=2][b]课文译文[/b]:[/size] [size=2] 校园一日 王清起得很早。他穿好衣、洗完脸,就走到室外,在清爽的晨风中做早操,然后去吃早饭。 上午的大部分时间他听课或者练习英语,课后他到图书馆看书,或者复习功课。 12点吃午饭,饭后王清休息一会儿。下午他做作业、看报纸,随后有一小时的体育活动时间,他或者沿跑道跑跑步或者打打球。 晚饭后他常常去学校花园里散步,有时还收听英语广播。晚上他预习功课,10点半睡觉。[/size] [size=2][/size] [size=2][b]课文讲解[/b]: NOTES TO THE TEXT[/size] [size=2]a day at college at college 是指“在大学念书”,college泛指大学,没有特指的含义,所以前面不用加冠词。例如:go to college 上大学[/size] [size=2]Wang Qing gets up very early. get up 起床 get up early [/size][size=2] 起得早 an early bird 习惯早起的人[/size] [size=2]He dresses, washes, and goes out to do exercises in the fresh morning air. 此句中dresses, washes, 和goes是同一主语所带的连续三个谓语动词,表示一连串的动作;句中dress和wash都用作不及物动词,但实际意思中却含有宾语;不定式短语to do exercises作状语,do exercises可以指“做练习”或“锻炼身体”,在这里的意思是“锻炼”。[/size] [size=2]Then he has breakfast have dinner 吃晚饭[/size] [size=2]For most of the morning he attends lectures or practises his English. 1)for most of the morning中, for表示经历的时间。例如: He often watches TV for hours. 他经常连着几个小时地看电视。 He stays with his friends for quite some time every week. 他每周都要和朋友们在一起呆上相当一段时间。 2)attends lectures意思是“听课”。 其他含有attend的短语: attend a meeting 开会 attend a wedding 参加婚礼 attend school 上学 3)practises his English是“练习英语”,在此出现物主代词his是英语习惯用法,不能省略,但可不必译出,例如: He reviews his lessons after class. 他课后复习功课。 He does his homework in the afternoon. 他下午做作业。 Open your books. 把书打开。 其他包含动词practise的短语: practise the piano 练习弹钢琴 practise qigong 练气功[/size] [size=2]After lunch Wang Qing takes a nap. take a nap 午休 take / have a rest 休息一下 take / have a break (短暂)休息一下[/size] [size=2]Then he has an hour for sports. has an hour for sports是“花了一小时运动”,介词for表目的;hour一词因为发音是以元音开始,所以前面的冠词用an。[/size] [size=2]He runs round the track or plays ball games. 1) runs round the track意思是“沿着跑道跑步”,介词round也可以用around来替换,作介词时两词用法相同,round用于英国而around多用于美国。 2) play ball games 意思是“打球”,英语中说“打球”或“踢球”要用play。例如: play basketball 打篮球 play football 踢足球 play volleyball 打排球 play tennis 打网球 play golf 打高尔夫球[/size] [size=2]After supper he often goes for a walk in the college gardens. go for a walk 出去散散步 take a walk 出去散步 take a walk round the lake 沿着湖边散散步, round意为“沿着,围绕着”。[/size] [size=2]Sometimes he listens to the English broadcast. listen to 听 listen to the radio 收听广播 listen to music 听音乐 listen to me 听我说[/size] [size=2]He goes to bed at half past ten. go to bed 上床睡觉 此短语表示一种惯常的行为,在表示惯常行为时名词前不需加冠词,例如: go to school 上学 go to work 上班 go to church 去教堂做礼拜[/size]
[size=2][b]语法[/b]:[/size] [size=2] [b]一般现在时[/b]: 一般现在时的构成比较简单,例如:He dresses, washes, and goes out to do exercises in the fresh morning air. 当主语是第三人称单数的时候,动词要加词尾,这个词尾可以是s,也可以是es,其它人称和数的后面都用动词原形。词尾加s及es的不同情况: 1)动词以ss,sh,ch,x,o结尾时,词尾加-es,例如: dress→dresses wash→washes teach→teaches teach-teaches box-boxes go→goes do--does 2)动词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,先变y为i,再加es,例如: fly--flies try--tries 3)动词以“元音字母+y”结尾时直接加s,例如:say--says buy--buys 4)除了上述几种情况外,一般情况下,动词只要加上词尾s就可以了。在词尾加s或-es时,读音与名词复数的读音是一样的。使用一般现在时的常见情形: 1)I watch news on TV every day. 我每天都看电视新闻。 They often go to work by bus. 他们常常坐公共汽车去上班。 Sometimes she goes for a walk. 有时她出去散散步。 He always gots up at six. 他总是六点起床。 以上都是表示现在习惯动作,在这种情况下一般现在时常常同一些频度副词连用。这些频度副词有:every day, often, sometimes, always 2) It is fine today. 今天天气不错。 The back is not open yet. 银行还没有开门。 There are many people at the bus-stop. 汽车站上有很多人。 以上表示的是现在存在的情况或状态。 3) The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 Water boils at 100°C。 水的沸点是摄氏100度。 这两个例句说明的是一般现在时态还可以表示不受时间限制的客观存在或科学事实。一般现在时还有很多用法,比如表示将来的时间或新闻标题。[/size] [size=2][/size] [size=2][b]一般现在时的否定式[/b]: 例句: They don't know each other. 他们彼此不认识。 He does not(doesn't) smoke. 他不吸烟。 一般动词的否定式是在动词前面加助动词do not或does not +动词原形。如果动词是be,变否定式时是在be的后面加not. 例如: I am not a student. 我不是学生。 That is not(isn't) correct. 那不对。 They are not(aren't) in the classroom. 他们不在教室。[/size] | | | |
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