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许国璋电视英语第十八课上 作者:practise 阅读次数:5196
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[size=3]观看在线视频 [/size][url=http://www.56.com _v21_/c16_/21_/23_/xuguozhangyingyu_/zhajm_1177465271_676_/1318200_/0_/13456395.swf][size=3]http://www.56.com _v21_/c16_/21_/23_/xuguozhangyingyu_/zhajm_1177465271_676_/1318200_/0_/13456395.swf[/size][/url] [size=3][/size] [size=3][b]课文[/b]:[/size] [size=3] THE LIBRARY On our library door are two big signs: No Smoking No Littering Library Hours Monday through Friday: 8 a.m. — 10 p.m. Saturday: 8 a.m. — 6 p.m. Sunday: 2 p.m. — 10 p.m. It is Monday. It is 8 o'clock. Many students are waiting for the library to open. This is not unusual during the examination week. Now the doors are open. The students walk in quietly. The library is always quiet even on very busy days. You are here in the library. You must obey library rules. You mustn't smoke. You mustn't litter the floor. [/size] [size=3] You can borrow books from the library, but you can't borrow one without a library card. Sometimes you may want to borrow a book but you don't know its call number. You may ask the librarian to help you. He will be glad to help.[/size] [size=3] [/size] [size=3][b]课文译文[/b]:[/size] [size=3] 图书馆 图书馆门口有两张布告: 禁止吸烟 禁止乱扔废物 * * * 图书馆开放时间 星期一至星期五 上午8点-晚上10点 星期六 上午8点-下午6点 星期日 下午2点-晚上10点 今天星期一,现在是8点钟。许多学生正等着图书馆开门,这种情况在考试周里常能见到。门开了,同学们静静地走进去。图书馆里总是安安静静的,即使在人很多的时候。 你到了图书馆,就必须遵守图书馆的规定,不能吸烟,不能往地板上乱扔东西。 你可以在图书馆借书,但是没有借书证就借不到。 有时你可能想借某本书,但不知道它的书号,你可以找图书馆管理员,他会很乐意帮助你的。[/size] [size=3][/size] [size=3] [b]课文讲解[/b]:[/size] [size=3] NOTES TO THE TEXT[/size] [size=3]课文标题:the library 因为文中library是特指,所以前面加定冠词the。[/size] [size=3]On our library door are two big signs. 我们图书馆门上有两张布告。 此句为倒装结构,主语为two big signs,出现在谓语are之后,正常结构为:There are two big signs on our library door.[/size] [size=3]No Smoking 禁止抽烟 No Littering 禁止乱扔东西 英语中常用的告示语:No Parking 禁止停车;No Entry 不得入内;No Trespassing 不得擅入私人领地。[/size] [size=3]The other sign tells about the library hours. library hours 指图书馆的开放时间(hour要用复数形式hours)。 类似的说法还有: business hours 营业时间 office hours 办公时间[/size] [size=3]Monday through Friday: 8 a.m. — 10 p.m. Monday through Friday 从星期一到星期五;介词through意思是“直到……时候”,这是美国英语的用法。[/size] [size=3] 例如:morning through night 从早到晚[/size] [size=3]At 8 o’clock on Monday morning, many students are waiting for the library to open. 星期一早上8点钟,很多学生在图书馆门前等着开放。 wait for 等待…… 例如: Don’t wait for me if I am late. 如果我晚了的话,请不要等我。 We are waiting for their reply. 我们在等待他们的答复。[/size] [size=3]This is not unusual during the examination week. 在考试的那一周,这种情况不足为奇。 提示代词this指代前一句话中所说的情况,即“many students are waiting for the library to open”;not unusual是双重否定的用法,双重否定表示的是肯定,往往表示说话人对自己说的话有所克制,有时候也用来表示强调。[/size] [size=3]Now the doors are open. 现在图书馆的门都开了。 句中open用在动词are之后,不再是动词,而是形容词,作句子的表语,表示一种状态;the doors指图书馆中各个阅览室的门,即“the doors of reading rooms in the library”,也包括图书馆的大门(the front door)在内。[/size] [size=3]You must obey library rules. You mustn't smoke. 情态动词must表示“必须……”,mustn’t是must not的缩合形式。[/size] [size=3]You are here in the library. 现在你进了图书馆了。 主语you在这里是不确定的人称指代,可以是任何人,下面课文中的you都是这种用法。here的意思不是“这里”而是“这时候”或“现在”。例如: Here is morning already. 现在已经是早晨了。 Here the speaker pauses. 讲到这,说话的人停了一下。[/size] [size=3]You must obey library rules. obey rules 意思是“遵守规则”。含有动词obey的其他短语: obey the laws 遵守法律 obey an order 服从命令[/size] [size=3]You mustn’t litter the floor. 任何人不得往地板上乱扔东西。 不必具体指明所扔东西是什么时,可在动词litter后直接加表示地点的名词。例如: Don’t litter the public beaches. 不要往公共海滩上乱扔杂物。[/size] [size=3]You can borrow books from the library, but you can’t borrow one without a library card. 你可以从图书馆借书,但是没有借书证你就不能借书。 用情态动词can,may指出“可以……,能够……”; borrow from 向……借……东西 borrow 借进,借来 lend 借出 Lend sth to sb / lend sb sth 把……借给…… 例如: He wants to borrow some money from his friend. 他想跟他的朋友借一些钱。 Can you lend me your bicycle? 你能把自行车借给我吗? Can you lend your bicycle to me? 你能把自行车借给我吗? return 还。例如:[/size] [size=3] I’ll return the tape to you tomorrow. 明天我把磁带还给你。 由连词but连接的并列句结构: You can borrow books from the library, but you can’t borrow one without a library card. You may want to borrow a book but you don’t know its call number. 其中but表示意义上的转折。 这里one不是数词,而是一个不定代词,用来代替前面出现过的名词,在这里是用来代替名词book;在这里one不能用it或them来代替。[/size] [size=3]You may ask the librarian to help you. 你可以请图书馆管理员来帮助你。 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事;类似的句式还有:tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事,让某人做某事。例如: The girl asks her father to buy a present for her birthday. 这小姑娘要求他父亲给她买一个生日礼物。 Please tell him to come tomorrow. 请让他明天来。 [/size] | | | |
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